There is no universally “best” fee model — only better fits for how clear your scope is and how much change you expect.
Choose percent when
Construction cost is reasonably estimated and you want fees to scale with project ambition. Watch for circular incentives and undefined cost bases.
Choose fixed when
You have a clear brief and want cost certainty for design. Invest time up front defining exclusions.
Choose hourly when
You are exploring feasibility, interviewing options, or dealing with unknown existing conditions. Use not-to-exceed caps when possible.
Additional services to clarify
- Extra meetings beyond an allowance
- Major scope changes after approval
- Extra agency resubmittals due to owner changes
- Enhanced renderings and marketing materials
- Extended construction administration
How to compare proposals
Normalize scope first, then price. A cheap proposal missing engineering or CA is not cheaper.